10 years since UNSCR 2286

AREAS OF CONCERN

Explore specific situations documented on the map

FURTHER RESOURCES

DEFINITIONS

Attack: An “attack” on a health care facility or health care infrastructure is defined as a violent assault resulting in destruction, damage, or loss of function, equipment, medical supplies or access to health care. An “attack” on a health care worker refers to violence which could result in physical and/or psychological harm to the person. Attacks are counted as “incidents.”

Hospital: Any health care facility that provides health-related patient care and offers in-patient care in the form of hospital beds, including in makeshift hospitals.

Clinic: Any health care facility that provides health-related patient care principally through out-patient services.

Health Care Infrastructure: Any infrastructure necessary to provide health care such as hospitals and clinics, including but not limited to laboratories, pharmacies, medical warehouses, ambulances, ambulance stations and/or garages, administrative buildings used to administer health care and to provide medical education.

Health Care Worker: Any person working in a professional or voluntary capacity in the provision of health services or who provides direct support to patients, including ambulance personnel, community health workers, dentists, doctors, hospital staff, nurses, midwives, paramedics, physiotherapists, surgeons, vaccination workers, volunteers, or other health personnel not named here.

METHODOLOGY

Methodology on collection of data

This dataset follows the definitions of attacks on health care as defined by the World Health Organization and used by the Safeguarding Health in Conflict Coalition (SHCC). This definition limits incident inclusion to those perpetrated by conflict parties and excludes attacks attributed to private individuals. Incidents of violence are referred to as “attacks.” It is compiled from cross-checked information from multiple SHCC partners, including UHC, and includes information captured with the eyeWitness app that has been merged into a unified online system, reconciling identical attacks.

The dataset has been compiled using an incident-based approach to evidence collection, where individual incidents are collected, verified, and systematically combined to create a dataset of ‘attacks’ that allows for an analysis of patterns of violence over time and in different locations. The total number of recorded incidents, while in itself an indication of the scale of the violence, is not the objective.

The dataset has been integrated using Insecurity Insight’s standard data collection, verification and coding procedures and follows an adapted format of the Berkeley Protocol on Digital Open Source Investigations. It includes information from open-source and confidential sources, bringing together reported information, witness and victim accounts, as well as insights gleaned from hospital administrators, organizational networks present on the ground, and site visits undertaken by UHC and reporting done by MIHR.

All information was carefully reviewed and verified based on a range of criteria within the limits of research partners’ technical and resource capacity.

The information has been carefully edited and all personally identifiable information has been removed. All sources and metadata are stored through reference numbers and can be made available where required and appropriate.

To avoid exposing health care workers to security risks, the map uses an automated random geolocation distortion system to obscure the precise location of each incident in the online map display. In addition, the zoom-in ability has been restricted.

Limitations

The total number of attacks included in this dataset provides a minimum estimate of the conflict damage and its impact on Ukraine’s health care system and its infrastructure. Like any other incident data collection, this dataset suffers from “reporting bias.” Attacks may be included or excluded for a range of reasons, including lack of access, lack of knowledge, editorial choices, deliberate censorship for security or other reasons, disruption of internet connection, or simple errors or omissions.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Map created by Insecurity Insight with initial support from Map Action for the Safeguarding Health in Conflict Coalition.

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